Ukuqala kwayo nayiphi na iprojekthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintsimi, kufuna isiqalo esigudileyo: isigaba sokufumanisa. Makhe sigxininise kwiiprojekthi ze-IT kwaye sihlolisise kwii-nuances zomsebenzi wophando kule ndawo. Siza kuqonda xa kuba yimfuneko ukuba iprojekthi yakho ingene kwiSigaba sokuFumana.
Iinjongo zeSigaba sokuFumana
Iprojekthi nganye yahlukile kwaye ifuna indlela ethile yophuhliso lwayo. Uyichonga njani eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuyilwa kwemveliso yakho kwaye uyilungelelanise nendlela efanelekileyo yokuphunyezwa? Inqanaba lokufumanisa lisebenza njengekhampasi yokukhangela le mibuzo ibalulekileyo.
Eli nqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso lweprojekthi linempembelelo enkulu kwimpumelelo yeprojekthi. Ngexesha lesi sigaba, abaphuhlisi bavavanya amandla abo, iimfuno, kunye neenzame ezifunekayo ukufikelela kwiinjongo zeprojekthi, ukuqokelela izinto ezifunekayo eziphambili zomsebenzi okhoyo.
Ekugqibeleni, injongo kukudala imveliso ezalisekisa iminqweno yabasebenzisi bokugqibela. Eli nqanaba lokuqala libeka isiseko solwabiwo lohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, liqinisekisa ukuba iprojekthi ihlala isendleleni kwaye icala lezemali lihlala licacile kumxhasi.
Inqanaba lokufumanisa lahlukile kwiprojekthi nganye kodwa likwaxhomekeke kwizinto eziqhelekileyo ezifana nezi:
- Unxibelelwano lweNkampani: Ubungakanani kunye nobunzulu benqanaba lokufumanisa kuxhomekeke ekubeni liqaliswe nini kumjikelo wophuhliso lweprojekthi. Ingasetyenziswa njengenyathelo lokuqala ekuvavanyeni umbono wakho, inqanaba elahlukileyo lokuhlalutya imiba ethile, okanye ukuphinda ujonge umsebenzi wangaphambili.
- Iinkonzo ze-IT: Ukubaluleka kwesigaba sokufumanisa kuyahluka kwiinkonzo ze-IT, njengoko ichaza iinkalo ezibalulekileyo zeprojekthi yakho. Inquma ukuba utshintsho okanye ukongezwa kunokuchaphazela uphuhliso lwesofthiwe, i-hardware, ukufundwa koomatshini, izisombululo ze-IoT, okanye ukuphunyezwa kwe-firmware, nganye ineempawu zayo ezizodwa kunye nokuguquguquka.
- Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali: Iindleko zesigaba sokufumanisa yinkxalabo enkulu. Imele inkcitho eyongezelelweyo kuphuhliso lwemveliso yakho, kodwa inokuba sisixhobo sokugcina iindleko xa usebenza ngezibonelelo ezinyiniweyo.
Ukunikezelwa kweSigaba sokuFumana
Isiphumo sesi sigaba sikholisa ukuba neNgxelo yeSigaba sokuFumana, ebandakanya iinkcazo zeendlela ezinokwenzeka, intlekisa yenkqubo, ubungqina bengqiqo, kunye namaxwebhu obugcisa. Le ngxelo iqaqambisa iziphumo eziphambili kunye neengcebiso zamacandelo athile esisombululo sakho, ifaka ukuzithemba kubathengi malunga nokuhanjiswa kwemveliso kwangexesha kunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali oluhambelanayo.
Ukubaluleka kweSigaba sokuFumana
Inqanaba lokufumanisa liphakathi kwawona manyathelo abalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwemveliso, kodwa ihlala ingacacanga kubathengi. Abanye bakugqala njengenkcitho eyimfuneko, ngoxa abanye bakugqala njengomthwalo wemali ukukuphepha.
Nangona kunjalo, esi sigaba siyilelwe ngokuchanekileyo ukutyhila ubunzima beprojekthi, ukunciphisa imingcipheko, ukwandisa ulwabiwo lwezibonelelo, kunye nokuqinisekisa eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yophuhliso lwesisombululo. Ukungahoywa kwesigaba sokufumanisa kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezifana nokwandisa imijikelo yophuhliso, iindleko ezinyukayo, ixesha elibekiweyo eliphosiweyo, kunye neenjongo ezingafezekiyo.
Iinzuzo zeSigaba sokuFumana
Isigaba sokufumanisa sisebenza njengesiseko esiluqilima sophuhliso lwemveliso kunye nokuphucula inkqubo. Iziphumo zayo zinika iingenelo ezininzi:
- Uphuhliso lweMveliso engafihliyo: Iqinisekisa inkqubo yophuhliso ecwangcisiweyo neselubala.
- Ukunciphisa umngcipheko: The inkampani yesoftware elungisiweyo ixhotyiselwe ukujongana nemingeni ngempumelelo, ikhusela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
- Iindlela ezizezinye: Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza imveliso zinokusetyenziswa.
- I-Mock-Ups kunye nobungqina bombono: Ukubonwa kwemveliso kunye nokulungelelaniswa nokulindelwe ngabaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo.
ISigaba sokuFumana kwiintlobo zeeProjekthi ezahlukeneyo
Isigaba sokufumanisa siyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lweprojekthi. Umzekelo, isoftware kunye nezigaba zokufunyanwa kwehardware ziyahluka ngexesha, inani lamalungu eqela abandakanyekayo, izixhobo kunye neendleko. Kwiiprojekthi zesoftware, ukwazi ngokungqongqo iimfuno zoshishino lweprojekthi yinto ephambili. Esi sigaba siqinisekisa ukuqonda okuneenkcukacha malunga nokusebenza okucetywayo kwemveliso kwaye kukhokelela ekudalweni kwamaxwebhu achaziweyo.
Kwiiprojekthi zokufunda ngomatshini (ML), idatha, ukuchaneka kwe-algorithm, kunye nokuqwalaselwa kokuhlanganisa kubalulekile. Inqanaba lokufumanisa elibanzi lijolise ekuchongeni iinjongo eziphambili zeprojekthi kunye nophuculo olunokubakho.
Kwi-hardware kunye nophuhliso lwe-firmware, ukwenza utshintsho kunokuba nzima kwaye kubize kakhulu, okwenza ukuba isigaba sokufumanisa sibaluleke kakhulu ukuba sibe nokuqonda okucacileyo kwemithintelo yoyilo, izisombululo ezinokwenzeka zokusombulula iingxaki, kunye neemarike ezijoliswe kuzo.
Iiprojekthi ze-IoT ezibandakanya isoftware, i-firmware, kunye nezixhobo zehardware zifuna isigaba sokufumanisa ngokucokisekileyo ukunqanda uhlengahlengiso olubiza kakhulu. Iquka ukuchaza injongo yenkqubo, amacandelo, iinkcukacha, unxibelelwano, kunye nokukhethwa kokugcinwa kwedatha.
Indlela ye-Agile kwiNqanaba lokuFumana
Kuyenzeka ukuba uthathe indlela ye-agile kwisigaba sokufumanisa iprojekthi. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba uvavanye ngokucokisekileyo isisombululo sakho kuzo zonke iimbono kwaye umisele eyona ndlela isebenzayo yophuhliso. Ithemplate yesigaba sokufumanisa i-Agile inokubandakanya ezi zigaba zilandelayo:
- Ukuqokelela iimfuno zokusebenza, iindleko, iimpawu, kunye nezinye iimpawu zemveliso.
- Ukubandakanya abaphuhlisi abanobuchwephesha obufunekayo kwiqela lesigaba sokufumanisa.
- Ukuqhuba uphando ukujongana neminqweno yabathengi kunye nokuchaza iindlela zokusombulula.
- Ukudala i-mockup okanye i-Incept-of-Concept.
- Ukuqulunqa ingxelo yesigaba sokufumanisa eneenkcukacha kunye nokuyinikezela kumthengi.
- Ukuphuhlisa imephu yendlela kunye namaxesha, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kunye neziganeko ezibalulekileyo.
- Ukugqibezela amanyathelo alandelayo ngokwesivumelwano nomxhasi.
Ubude besigaba sokufunyanwa bunokususela kwiiyure ezingama-40 ukuya kwezingama-200, kuxhomekeke kubunzima beprojekthi. Iqela lesigaba sokufumanisa libandakanya umphathi weprojekthi, abaphuhlisi abaninzi, inkokeli yetekhnoloji, kunye namalungu avela kwiqela labathengi. Nangona kunjalo, kwizisombululo ezintsonkothileyo okanye iimveliso ezintsha, sinokubandakanya iinjineli ezongezelelweyo kwinqanaba lokufumanisa.
isiphelo
Ukuqalisa uhambo lokuphuhlisa imveliso entsha okanye into entsha ngumzamo ophawulwe ngobuninzi bemingeni kunye nokungaqiniseki. Nangona kunjalo, ngokucwangciswa okucokisekileyo kunye nendlela yobuchule, indlela engaphambili inokutshintsha ibe yipaseji egudileyo necacileyo. Kule nkqubo intsonkothileyo, inqanaba lokufumanisa lithatha indawo esembindini njengento ebaluleke kakhulu enokuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kwindlela yeprojekthi yakho. Esi sigaba sokuqala sisebenza njengesiseko apho yonke iprojekthi yakhelwe phezu kwayo, kwaye ukubaluleka kwayo akunakubaxwa.
Inqanaba lokufumanisa lifana nekhampasi ekukhokelela kumhlaba ongachazwanga, eqinisekisa ukuba iprojekthi yakho ihamba phakathi kobunzima kunye nemiqobo enokuhlangabezana nayo. Ngokunikela ngexesha kunye nezixhobo kwesi sigaba, uxhobisa iqela lakho ngolwazi kunye nokuqonda okufunekayo ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi kumjikelo wobomi beprojekthi. Ngaphezu koko, isebenza njengekhaka elikhuselayo ngokuchasene nemigibe enokubakho, ikuvumela ukuba uchonge kwaye unciphise umngcipheko kwangoko kwinkqubo yophuhliso.
Eli nqanaba lokulungiselela alikhuseli iprojekthi yakho kuphela kodwa likwavula indlela yokuqaliswa ngempumelelo. Kungexesha lesigaba sokufumanisa apho uchaza umda weprojekthi, uchaze iinjongo zayo, kwaye umisele imephu yendlela ecacileyo. Esi siseko sibeka inqanaba lentsebenziswano engenamthungo phakathi kwamalungu eqela lakho, eqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu ulungelelaniswe neenjongo zeprojekthi kunye neziganeko ezibalulekileyo.
Ngokwenyani, inqanaba lokufumanisa lisebenza njengesiseko apho impumelelo yeprojekthi yakho yexesha elizayo yakhelwe phezu kwayo. Yi-linchpin eguqula umbono wakho ube yinyani ebambekayo nefikelelekayo. Ngokwenza utyalo-mali kwesi sigaba, awugcini nje ixesha elixabisekileyo kunye nezixhobo kodwa uqinisekisa ukuba uhambo lweprojekthi yakho lolokuchaneka, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye, ekugqibeleni, impumelelo.