Mu Marichi 2026, neobank Fi yaku India idatseka mwakachetechete gawo la banki la pulogalamu yake. Makasitomala omwe adatsegula maakaunti osungira ndalama kudzera mu mawonekedwe osalala a Fi adalandira imelo yonena kuti akauntiyo inali yabwino, yotetezeka, komanso yothandizidwa mokwanira, koma tsopano akufunika kuyiyendetsa kudzera mu FedMobile, pulogalamu ya Federal Bank, banki yovomerezeka yomwe yakhala ikugwira maakaunti amenewo nthawi yonseyi. Federal Bank idatcha "kusintha kwa bizinesi." Fi, yomwe idatumikira makasitomala opitilira 3.5 miliyoni ndikuchita zochitika zoposa biliyoni imodzi kuyambira 2021, idati ikuganiziranso zaukadaulo wakuya ndi AI m'malo mwake.
Ndi nkhani yaying'ono, koma ikunena zambiri za momwe fintech yamakono imagwirira ntchito. Fi sinali banki. Inali pulogalamu yopangidwa bwino kwambiri yomwe ili pamwamba pa zomangamanga za banki, ndipo pamene makonzedwe amenewo adatha, pulogalamuyi inali gawo lomwe linatha, osati ndalama kapena akaunti yoyambira. Izi ndi zoona pafupifupi neobank iliyonse ndi pulogalamu yogulira ndalama yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito, komanso kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake kumasintha momwe mumaganizira za mapulogalamu a fintech pafoni yanu.
Neobank si banki, ndi njira yolumikizirana
Neobank ndi kampani yazachuma ya digito yokha yopanda nthambi, nthawi zambiri imamangidwa mozungulira pulogalamu yokongola komanso UX yabwino kuposa yomwe banki yachikhalidwe imapereka. Chomwe sichinakhalepo nacho ndi layisensi yeniyeni ya banki. Ku India, Reserve Bank of India siivomereza "neobank" ngati gulu lovomerezeka. Makampani monga Jupiter ndi Fi adamanga maakaunti awo osungira ndalama, makhadi a debit, ndi mawonekedwe a UPI mogwirizana ndi Federal Bank, pomwe ena amadalira anzawo monga Axis Bank kapena DCB Bank. Pulogalamuyi imayang'anira kapangidwe, mphotho, ndi chidziwitso cha malonda. Banki yolamulidwayo imakhala ndi ndalama zosungira, layisensi, ndi udindo wotsatira malamulo.
Izi sizili zachilendo ku India. Chime, imodzi mwa mabanki akuluakulu a neobank ku US, ilibenso mgwirizano wa banki, imagwira ntchito kudzera m'mabanki ogwirizana. N26 ndi Revolut ndi osiyana chifukwa onse ali ndi zilolezo zawo zamabanki m'madera ena a ku Europe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malamulo awo aziwoneka osiyana ndi a Chime kapena a Jupiter. Kachitidwe kofunikira ndi aka: "neobank" imafotokoza gawo la malonda, osati lovomerezeka kwenikweni, ndipo pulogalamu yomwe mumadalira ndi malipiro anu ikhoza kukhala kukambirana kwamalonda kutali ndi kusinthana kwa manja, monga momwe makasitomala a Fi adangowonera.
Mapulogalamu oyika ndalama amagwira ntchito mofanana
Sinthani "banki" kukhala "broker" ndipo nkhani yomweyo imachitikanso poika ndalama. Pulogalamu yokongola ya SIP kapena yogulitsa masheya nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zomangamanga zake zochotsera kapena imagwira ntchito ngati gawo lake losungira ndalama kuyambira pachiyambi. Ku India, mkhalapakati aliyense wolembetsedwa ndi SEBI, kaya ndi pulogalamu ya ndalama zogwirizanitsa, broker wochotsera, kapena nsanja yoyang'anira chuma, ayenera kutumiza KYC kudzera mu SEBI-registered KYC Registration Agency, njira yomwe idayambitsidwa pansi pa SEBI KRA Regulations ya 2011. Malizitsani KYC yanu kamodzi ndi KRA iliyonse, monga CAMS KRA kapena NSE's KRA arm, ndipo nsanja ina iliyonse yolembetsedwa ndi SEBI ikhoza kukoka mbiri yotsimikizikayo m'malo mokuyikaninso munjira iyi. Ndi mtundu wa dziko la ndalama zomwe eKYC yochokera ku Aadhaar imachita pamaakaunti akubanki, chizindikiritso chimodzi chotsimikizika, chomwe chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kulikonse.
Padziko lonse lapansi, mawonekedwe ake ndi ofanana ngakhale kuti mapaipi amasiyana. Robinhood, Wealthfront, ndi mapulogalamu ambiri ogulitsa ndalama m'masitolo ndi omwe ali pamwamba pa makampani olipira ndi osunga ndalama omwe amasunga ndikulipira zitetezo. Pulogalamuyi ndi gawo la zomwe zikuchitika. Zomangamanga zomwe zili pansi pake zimayendetsedwa, zimakhazikika, ndipo sizimaoneka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, mpaka china chake chikusintha ndipo mukuwona kuti chinalipo nthawi zonse.
Kulowa muakaunti ndi khomo lakutsogolo, ndipo tsopano ndi vuto la API
Kaya mukutsegula akaunti ya neobank kapena SIP, chinthu choyamba chomwe chimachitika ndi kutsimikizira kuti ndinu ndani, ndipo apa ndi pomwe gawo la API limapeza ndalama zake. Gulu lokonzekera bwino limakopa kutsimikizika kwa Aadhaar kapena PAN, kuyang'ana Central KYC Registry kuti muwone ngati pali mbiri yomwe ilipo, komanso maakaunti abizinesi kapena a MSME, kutsimikizira mafayilo a GST, kudzera mu mafoni ochepa a API m'malo moyendera nthambi ndi mulu wa mafotokopi. Umu ndi momwe Decentro's imagwirira ntchito. Ma KYC API amapangidwira, kuphatikiza macheke a Aadhaar, PAN, CKYC, ndi GST kukhala mgwirizano umodzi kotero kuti neobank kapena pulogalamu yogulira ndalama siyenera kumanga ubale wosiyana ndi kaundula aliyense wa boma palokha.
Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri kuposa momwe zimamvekera. Kuyika pa intaneti nthawi zambiri ndi malo ofunikira kwambiri omwe ogwiritsa ntchito amasiya kugwiritsa ntchito muzinthu zilizonse za fintech. Chikalata chilichonse chowonjezera, gawo lililonse lowunikira pamanja, ndi mwayi kwa kasitomala weniweni kuti asiye pakati. Mapulogalamu omwe amamveka mwachangu kutsogolo, pafupifupi popanda kupatula, amagwira ntchito mwachangu, kutsimikizira kokha kumbuyo.
Gawo lomwe palibe amene amaganizirapo: malipiro obwerezabwereza
Nayi gawo la neobank ndi zomangamanga za pulogalamu yogulira ndalama zomwe sizimasamalidwa kwambiri ngakhale zikugwira ntchito yambiri. SIP imagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati debit ya mwezi uliwonse ichitikadi, modalirika, kwa zaka zambiri, popanda woyika ndalama kuvomereza kulipira nthawi iliyonse. Ku India, izi zimayendetsedwa kudzera mu UPI AutoPay, njira yolamula ya NPCI yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2020, yomwe imalola wogwiritsa ntchito kuvomereza debit yobwerezabwereza kamodzi ndi UPI PIN yake kenako ndikulipira pambuyo pake mpaka malire okhazikika, ₹15,000 pamalipiro obwerezabwereza, komanso mpaka ₹1 lakh pamagulu monga mutual fund SIPs, inshuwaransi, ndi ma EMI a ngongole, asanavomerezedwenso. Machitidwe akale monga NACH e-mandates amasamalirabe zambiri za izi, makamaka pa debits zamtengo wapatali kapena zobwerezabwereza zochokera ku akaunti ya banki.
Neobanks imadalira njira zomwezo pazifukwa zina: zinthu zosungira zokha, kusamutsa mobwerezabwereza mu "miphika yosungira," kulipira kolembetsa kwa magawo apamwamba, ndi malangizo okhazikika zonse zimadalira njira yodalirika komanso yolipira yobwerezabwereza. Kulakwitsa kumeneku sikungowononga ndalama zokha, kumatanthauza kuti SIP imasiya kuyika ndalama mwakachetechete kapena cholinga chosunga ndalama chimayima mwakachetechete, ndipo wogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri sazindikira mpaka miyezi ingapo pambuyo pake. Ndi mtundu womwewo wa Decentro's Ma API obwerezabwereza a malipiro Zapangidwa kuti zigwire ntchito, kuyang'anira malamulo a UPI AutoPay ndi NACH kotero kuti chinthu cha fintech chikhoza kukhazikitsa, kutsatira, ndikuyesanso kubweza ngongole mobwerezabwereza popanda kuphatikiza mabanki angapo ndi ma NPCI okha.
Zimene nkhani ya Fi imaphunzitsadi
Bwererani ku Fi Money kamphindi. Chifukwa chomwe makasitomala ake sanatayire rupee pamene pulogalamuyi inatsekedwa ndi chifukwa chakuti maziko ake, akaunti yeniyeni ya banki, sinali ya Fi kuyambira pachiyambi. Inali ya Federal Bank, bungwe lolamulidwa, nthawi yonseyi. Pulogalamuyi ikhoza kutha usiku wonse chifukwa pulogalamuyi sinali komwe kunali ubale weniweni wazachuma.
Si vuto lililonse mu chitsanzo cha neobank, koma chitsanzocho chikugwira ntchito momwe chinapangidwira. Phunziro kwa aliyense amene akumanga, kapena kungogwiritsa ntchito, zinthu za fintech ndilakuti mawonekedwe ake amatha kusinthidwa ndipo zomangamanga zomwe zili pansi pake sizili, kapena siziyenera kukhala choncho. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zambiri mwazomwe zachitika mumakampani a fintech zasintha kuchoka pakupanga mapulogalamu kupita ku API: kutsimikizira chizindikiritso, kasamalidwe ka ledger, kusamalira malamulo, ndi kutsatira malamulo, zinthu zosasangalatsa zomwe zimatsimikiza ngati ndalama zanu zili zotetezeka komanso ngati SIP yanu ikugwira ntchito panthawi yake, mosasamala kanthu kuti ndi pulogalamu iti yomwe ili pamwamba pake chaka chino.